1.北京工商大学 轻工科学与工程学院;2.河南中医药大学 药学院
R965;R751.05
1.School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University;2.School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
皮肤组织再生是一个涉及多种细胞、分子及信号通路协同作用的复杂生物学过程,其协调调控关系到皮肤屏障、组织结构和功能的恢复,调控失衡则可能导致慢性创面或病理性瘢痕。创面闭合并不意味着原有组织已经恢复,评价修复结局还需关注真皮结构、皮肤附属器和屏障功能。网络药理学是药理学、网络科学与系统生物学交叉形成的研究方法,通过整合“药物-靶点-通路-疾病”信息,从复杂分子关系中筛选可能参与药物调控皮肤组织再生的候选靶点和通路,为后续实验验证提供方向。本文系统梳理了皮肤创面修复与组织再生的生物学基础及核心调控网络,概述网络药理学的研究方法与技术局限,重点探讨其与多组学、人工智能、生物化学和生物物理技术以及细胞和动物实验的整合应用。转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组可依据实际样本中的分子变化筛选候选网络;单细胞和空间组学有助于确定候选靶点所在的细胞亚群、组织区域及修复阶段;机器学习可对候选靶点进行优先级排序。直接结合、蛋白功能及靶点干预实验能够进一步检验预测的药物-靶点关系,细胞和动物实验则将分子变化与再上皮化、血管新生、细胞外基质重塑及组织结构恢复相联系。多技术整合有助于缩小候选范围并提高机制分析的针对性,但预测结果与实验观察相符仍不能单独证明靶点的因果作用。现有研究还面临数据库偏倚、创面时空异质性、成分及组织暴露不明确、实验模型外推受限等问题。未来需在明确病理场景的基础上规范数据来源和模型评价,结合给药方式、剂量、安全性及临床相关终点评价,逐步建立由网络预测、分子互作、靶点功能到组织修复表型和临床评价的证据链,为促皮肤组织再生药物的机制研究与转化提供更可靠的依据。
Skin tissue regeneration requires coordinated responses from immune cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and other cell populations. Wound closure restores tissue continuity, but it does not necessarily indicate recovery of the epidermal barrier, dermal architecture, skin appendages, or tissue function. Chronic wounds and pathological scars are distinct manifestations of dysregulated repair: the former are commonly associated with persistent inflammation and impaired tissue formation, whereas the latter involve excessive extracellular matrix deposition and fibrosis. Their distinct pathological settings need to be considered when interpreting mechanisms and evaluating interventions. Network pharmacology integrates information on drug constituents, candidate targets, signaling pathways, and disease phenotypes to generate testable hypotheses about multicomponent and multitarget drug actions. It can narrow the range of candidates for subsequent studies, but associations derived from databases, network topology, functional enrichment, or molecular docking do not establish direct target engagement or a causal contribution to tissue regeneration. This review summarizes the biological basis and representative regulatory networks of skin wound repair and tissue regeneration, outlines the main steps and limitations of network pharmacology, and examines how it can be integrated with other techniques. Transcriptomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and metabolomics can compare predicted networks with molecular responses measured in treated samples. Single-cell sequencing and spatial omics can further locate candidate targets in specific cell populations and wound regions, while sampling across repair stages helps assess their temporal context. Machine-learning methods can rank candidate targets for experimental follow-up, provided that model performance is evaluated using appropriate validation procedures. Biochemical and biophysical approaches, including direct binding assays and measurements of protein activity, can test whether a predicted drug-target relationship is supported at the molecular level. Target inhibition or genetic perturbation, together with rescue experiments where feasible, can then assess whether the target contributes to an observed drug response. Cell-based assays and animal studies can relate these molecular findings to processes such as re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and restoration of skin structure. Together, these approaches can prioritize candidate targets and relate predicted drug actions to molecular, cellular, and tissue-level observations. Agreement between network predictions and experimental observations can support a proposed mechanism, but it does not, by itself, establish a causal role for the target. Database coverage and target-prediction algorithms can bias candidate selection; commonly used oral bioavailability and drug-likeness thresholds may be poorly suited to topical treatment; and the composition and tissue exposure of multicomponent preparations are not always known. In addition, target effects may vary among wound types, cell populations, anatomical regions, and repair stages. Two-dimensional cell cultures and animal models cannot fully reproduce human chronic wounds, and promising experimental results do not by themselves demonstrate clinical benefit. Together, these limitations may affect the reliability and applicability of network predictions. Future work should standardize data sources and reporting, account for pathological and spatiotemporal context, and use direct target-engagement and causal-intervention experiments to test key hypotheses. Drug dose, route of administration, local exposure, formulation stability, and safety should be evaluated alongside healing outcomes. Beyond wound area and inflammatory changes, endpoints should include barrier recovery, tissue architecture, relevant skin appendages, and functional properties when the injury model permits. A connected evidence pathway from network prediction through molecular and biological validation to clinically relevant evaluation may provide a more reliable basis for studying drugs intended to improve skin wound repair and tissue regeneration.
王敏,曹立欣,陈丹婷,罗如婷,赵乐.网络药理学联合多技术在皮肤组织再生中的应用[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,,():
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