The membrane proteins of synaptic vesicle and their role in the neurotransmitter release have been extensively studied. Recent progress has occurred in this field. Synapsin Ⅰ, synaptophysin, synaptoporin, synaptobrevin, synaptotagmin etc. are important proteins in membrane of synaptic vesicle. They play local and autonomous regulation in the docking, membrane fusion and exocytosis of synaptic vesicle, especilly in the mechanism of exocytotic fusion. A brief review of these aspects has been made.